A Guide to Water Treatment Water treatment is the removal of impurities such as suspended matter, bad colours,tastes and minerals such as iron and manganese from water in order to make it safe to humans, living organisms in the farm and also to help in various uses like industrial water supply and water recreation. Treatment of drinking water involves a series processes that are aimed at the removal of particles that may lead to contamination and cause short and long term risks. If raw water contains materials and suspended particles which are greater than 1mm then preliminary screening is necessary by use of screens of different apertures. The course screens are usually the first screens the screening process; they are usually spaced at a space of 25 to 100 intervals, water then flows to intermediate and fine screens. Intermediate screens are fitted with water cleaning jets which wash away any debris remaining after getting out of the course screens. After screening the raw water enters the sedimentation tank where smaller sized particles which pass the screens are removed. The next process is flocculation where smaller particles are collected into round masses and the surface of the chemical environment are usually added with chemicals, after this process the small particles behave as single larger particles which settle and are removed as sludge. Water then goes to a filtration tank which consists of filters that uses beds of sand which are supported on layers of gravel, a slow sand filter consists of a sand bed submerged beneath a water layer. Therefore water treatment has a lot of benefits to people and a farm at large. Water that is treated is very important for a person’s health because many cases of diseases are associated with drinking of untreated water. Treated water is good for appliances in a farm because water that is softened keeps many appliances efficient which will also help in saving money. Clean water is of good importance to someone’s health because it is free from disease causing organisms that may cause deaths. Also, treated water facilitates the removal of some metals that are present In water because they may react with other metals causing deposits which may make the water unsuitable for drinking. The bad odors and taste of water is removed when water is treated that’s why some food beverages taste better when prepared using treated water. Water treatment leads to a cleaner and brighter laundry because due to softening of water during the process, hardness which may make laundry look dirty is removed.
